Schlup v. Delo: Actual Innocence as Mere Gatekeeper

Actual Innocence : The Justice System Confronts Wrongful Convictions

In some abstract, impersonal way, all of us are aware that mistakes are made in our justice system. It is, after all, a human institution, and human beings make mistakes. Even as we read occasional stories about the release of an innocent person, the issues raised by that apparent mistake may remain abstract, without a sense of urgency attached to them. After all, this may have been an isolated...

The "Presumption of Innocence" as Constitutional Doctrine

The ethical physician as negative gatekeeper?

Zinc as a Gatekeeper of Immune Function

After the discovery of zinc deficiency in the 1960s, it soon became clear that zinc is essential for the function of the immune system. Zinc ions are involved in regulating intracellular signaling pathways in innate and adaptive immune cells. Zinc homeostasis is largely controlled via the expression and action of zinc "importers" (ZIP 1-14), zinc "exporters" (ZnT 1-10), and zinc-binding protein...

The Mere-Measurement Effect: Why Does Measuring Intentions Change Actual Behavior?

Recent research has demonstrated that merely measuring an individual’s purchase intentions changes his or her subsequent behavior in the market. Several different alternative explanations have been proposed to explain why this “mere-measurement effect” occurs. However, these explanations have not been tested to date. The purpose of this article is to test several competing explanations for why ...